Bulleh Shah’s Anti-Orthodox Views on Self-Purification and Their Implications for Social Reforms in Punjabi Society

Bulleh Shah is regarded as a social critic and reformer, though he was not conventional preacher, but true of his contemporary society. Sufis aimed at ethical character reformation the This article discusses moral situation in Punjabi society Shah’s time Sufi philosophy for reforms. reflected on poetry. relates views regarding reforms to concurrent issues focused real criticized hypocrisy duality pursuit social, political, religious aims. Punjab remained gateway invading forces India. So, structure complex with clear distinction between privileged underprivileged classes. The exploitative order inspired pride hollow show among upper elite inferiority sentiments least self-purification salvation focuses negation self-pride achieve harmony nature humanity general. land homogeneous class structure, race, religion. Here merger various cultures, people belonged different religions. These differences were so obvious that it difficult extract uniform principle which identity could be constructed. Religion, caste sect, biradari all played important roles constructing identity. critical concern intelligentsia time.